تجلیات الحجاج الاستدلالي المباشر في خطابات السيّد حسن نصر الله (عام 2000 م حتی 2003 م أنموذجاً)

 Inference is one of the mechanisms of persuasion for every preacher. The process of inference is closely related to the language. Direct inference is used in cases where there is no impediment to its use, and it is clearer;  Direct inference is used in every field in which we do not resort to the use of indirect inference.  Direct inference has three methods: induction, analogy, and representation.  Political discourse aims at persuasion, so the preacher tries to present his ideas with a logical link based on an intellectual system that carries many concepts and connotations that help the individual understand aspects of the political and social reality.  Nasrallah is the production of a distinctive resistance speech from what is common since the beginning of his resistance work on the Lebanese scene, a speech that jumps over the elements of division to arouse the nation’s audience, directing its thinking towards the main issue, which is Palestine and the issue of conflict with the Zionist enemy.
 
This article seeks to answer the following questions:
 How did Sayed Nasrallah employ direct reasoning in his speeches?  And how did the direct reasoning that Sayed Nasrallah relied on affect the public’s persuasion?
 Based on these questions, this study relies on the descriptive and analytical approach to study direct inference in the speeches of Sayed Hassan Nasrallah from the year 2000 AD to 2003 AD.  This research deals with three axes: the presence of inductive reasoning in Sayed Nasrallah's speech, the presence of standard inference in his speech, and then the study of representative inference in it.  I received these letters from the “Revival of the Resisting Heritage Society”, an association concerned with documenting the speech of Sayed Nasrallah, and books and articles that talk about this speech, and the center of this society is Beirut, and it was established in 2008, by virtue of license 1234.
This article aims to reveal the argumentative structure in Sayed Nasrallah's speech, and the purposes and objectives that Sayed Nasrallah wanted to highlight in order to create an intellectual renaissance based on awareness of religious, political, social and national values.  The main findings of this article are:
 
 The study of Sayed Nasrallah’s speech showed that he used a scientific approach in his approach to events in Lebanon and the region, based on inference by extrapolating the facts, arranging and organizing them, and then making a logical analogy with them, from a first premise, a second premise, and the result of the measurement;  As for representative inference, it proceeds from similar examples, to reveal facts, develop knowledge and show the relationship between cause and effect;  Sayed Hassan Nasrallah, when starting from the postulates, aims to give correct premises to reach correct results, and his goal in this is to show the importance of the resistance in Lebanon and Palestine, and the role of the Zionist and American enemy in hegemony over the region, and the impact of martyrdom on the work of resistance, and the connection with the Muhammadan-Husseini approach.  The future with its repercussions, to alert the nation, instill in it a spirit of optimism, and call it to resist every oppressor of its rights.
- Sayed Nasrallah employed the method of inference types, to reach logical conclusions, and he has the ability to discover the overlap between situations, and the ability to think about possibilities and follow logical sequences, in order to derive results;  Since the beginning of the speech, Sayed Nasrallah assumes a specific result, and declares it clearly through his enumeration of the research points in the speech.  In this presentation, he narrates the facts surrounding the recipient, from his audience and on the regional and international arena, he cites these facts, then measures the events on the basis of logic or on the events of the past, up to the result he aims at from the beginning, so whoever hears the speech feels that he is a partner in making the logical result,  By linking events together, and seeing the course of things;  This shows the ability of Sayed Nasrallah to create successful communication with the recipient, through the interaction of this audience, and his conviction of the results that Sayed Nasrallah is reaching.
- Sayed Nasrallah always focuses in his speech on Palestine, the Qiblah (the direction) and the axis. He describes and analyzes the reality, and measures against previous events, to come up with the position required by the nation;The uprising in Palestine continues despite the great sacrifices, and despite the failure of the Arabs in the media, financially and morally.
- SayedHassan Nasrallah extrapolates the facts in Lebanon and the region, and measures against them, by linking them to the past, in order to consider the past, and to understand history that helps determine the correct position in the present and the future, or through mathematical logic based on analogy, which is divided into a major premise.  a small introduction, and a conclusion;  As for representation, which is the third element of inference, Sayed Hassan Nasrallah moves from representation between two separate cases, revealing similarities between them, to reach a new concept that helps solve the issues at hand.
- The syllogism based on a major premise and a minor premise and a result was mentioned in the words of Sayed Nasrallah, and more than an analogy of the present to the past. He calls for taking lessons from the past, to unite in the present and the future behind the project of liberating land and man in Palestine, Lebanon and the region;  It is a discourse that carries in itself the elements of stability in positions, and works to establish the principles and premises, raise the feeling of spiritual, heritage and social belonging, and confirm that what the Palestinian people do, as well as the resistance in Lebanon, is an act of will and awareness of the nature of the conflict, the basic issue represented in Palestine, and the nature of the conflict  Arab Israeli.